Posterior auricular lymphadenopathy is a feature of which infections?

• A. Rubella only
• B. Roseola only
• C. Both rubella and roseola
• D. Neither

Answer: (C)

Posterior auricular lymphadenopathy is a classic finding with rubella because the infection often causes enlargement of the posterior auricular and occipital nodes along with the characteristic facial-to-trunk rash. Roseola is defined mainly by a high fever that resolves before the rash appears, with milder, nonspecific lymphadenopathy; however, viral infections can cause generalized lymph node involvement, and occasional posterior neck nodes can be seen. Therefore, while rubella is the stronger association, both infections can present with posterior auricular lymphadenopathy in some cases, making the option that includes both the best choice.